Research Article

Exploring the Relationship Between Ki-67 Immunohistochemical Expression and Key Histopathological Parameters in Breast Cancer

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women around the world. Ki-67is a nuclear protein that is linked to cell growth. It has become an important biomarker for predicting and diagnosing breast cancer. The goal of this study was to find out if there was a link between Ki-67 immunohistochemical expression and important clinicopathological factors in breast cancer patients, such as their age, work, histopathological type, tumor grade, and HER-2 status. Methodology: This study was conducted on a sample of 40 cases of breast cancer diagnosed in women from Najaf Governorate A cross-sectional observational research was performed on breast cancer tissue samples to assess Ki-67 expression using immunohistochemistry labeling. Patient demographic information and tumor attributes were documented. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine significant connections (P ≤0.05). Result: The study indicated that 85% of breast cancer cases demonstrated positive Ki-67 immunohistochemistry expression, primarily in patients aged 50–59 years and in housewives. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the predominant histologic type linked to Ki-67 positive. Moreover, elevated Ki-67 expression was noted in Grade II and III tumors and was more common in HER-2 negative patients. Statistically significant correlations were seen between Ki-67 expression and all assessed clinicopathological characteristics (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ki-67 immunohistochemistry expression demonstrates a substantial correlation with essential histological and clinical characteristics, indicating its prospective value as a prognostic marker in breast cancer. Additional research is required to confirm its function and improve personalized therapy approaches.